Application of non-woven fabrics in flower cultivation

Non-woven fabrics, also known as non-woven fabrics and harvest fabrics, are chemical fiber fabrics made directly by hot-melt bonding processing technology. It is a new type of thermal insulation covering material, which has the characteristics of comprehensively regulating the environment such as anti-low temperature and frost damage, windproof, pest control, heat preservation and humidity reduction. It not only has good light transmission, high air permeability, strong moisture permeability, but also has light weight, convenient use and corrosion resistance. Among them, the thickened non-woven fabric can also be used for multi-layer covering because of its good heat preservation effect. It has been widely used in the cultivation of flowers, vegetables and various economic crops.　　 performance　　 thermal insulation non-woven fabric has a high transmittance to short-wave light, and its transmittance to long-wave light is lower than that of plastic film. Since the heat dissipation in the covered area at night mainly relies on long-wave radiation, the temperature of the area covered with non-woven fabrics will be slower. The use of non-woven fabric can not only increase temperature and moisturize, but also avoid the phenomenon of high temperature harming plants.　　 shading and cooling colored non-woven fabric has the effect of shading and cooling. Different color non-woven fabrics have different shading and cooling effects. The shading effect is black better than yellow, and yellow is better than blue. When 　　 breathable and moisture-regulating non-woven fabric is made, filaments are extruded from chips through a screw, and after hot rolling and bonding, the filaments are laid on each other to form a net directly. It has high porosity, can be breathable, permeable and automatically adjust humidity. In areas covered with non-woven fabrics, the relative humidity will drop to about 60% at noon, effectively preventing the phenomenon of condensation and dripping due to excessive humidity in the covered area.　　 Anti-aging agricultural non-woven fabrics have been anti-aging treatment. The degree of aging resistance is related to its thickness and usage time. The higher the thickness of the non-woven fabric, the lower the strength loss rate. For example, a non-woven fabric of 30 grams per square meter has a strength of more than 40% after 3 years of use, is not easy to break, and has a service life of about 3 to 5 years. Specifications are currently used in non-woven fabrics for flower and vegetable cultivation. The weighing specifications are 20 grams, 30 grams, 40 grams, 50 grams and 100 grams per square meter, and the width is 2 to 8 meters. The colors are white, black, Blue, silver gray, yellow, etc. Non-woven fabrics with a specification of 20 grams or 30 grams per square meter should be used for bed cover; non-woven fabrics with a specification of more than 20 grams per square meter should be used for covering small arches; when covering large and medium sheds , It is advisable to use the specifications of 30 grams or 50 grams per square meter; the specifications of the non-woven fabric used as the canopy is 40 grams per square meter; the specifications of open-field covering and heat preservation are 30 grams per square meter.　　Application method　　The thermal insulation layer of the second curtain in the greenhouse should use 30 to 50 grams per square meter of non-woven fabric as the second curtain insulation in the greenhouse. In the daytime, the two curtains are opened to increase the light of the flowers, and they are closed tightly at night without leaving any gaps to achieve the effect of heat preservation. This can increase the temperature in the shed by 1°C to 3°C, reduce the humidity in the shed, prevent fogging, and significantly reduce the incidence of powdery mildew, gray mold and other common flower diseases. Flowers cultivated in autumn and winter can also be used as a canopy of non-woven fabrics.　　 The floating surface in the greenhouse is covered with an insulation floating surface, that is, the non-woven fabric is directly covered on the flowers after planting. The method is to spread the cover around 5 o'clock in the evening every day and uncover it after 8 o'clock the next morning. This method is not only very beneficial to flower production, but also particularly beneficial to the cultivation of foliage plants.　　The thermal insulation effect of the non-woven fabric covering overwintering flowers in the open field will be more obvious than in the greenhouse. For a variety of overwintering flowers, covering with non-woven fabrics can promote growth, prevent freezing damage, and improve quality. It is appropriate to select 30 grams per square meter.　　Precautions for use 　　Although the covering effect of non-woven fabrics is good, it must have matching technology to fully play its role. When considering the specifications of covering non-woven fabrics, it is necessary to refer to the types and cultivation methods of plants grown in the shed. Different covering methods and covering times require different specifications of non-woven fabrics. When using non-woven fabrics in the greenhouse, it should be uncovered during the day and covered at night to facilitate the enhancement of light during the day and heat preservation at night to reduce the occurrence of pests. Flowers cultivated in the open field can be covered day and night, but they should be covered tightly to prevent being blown away by the wind. When used in the flower seedling period, it is advisable to cover the non-woven fabric in the agricultural film to play the role of heat preservation and moisture absorption. In order to prolong the service life, the non-woven fabric after use should be washed in time, dried and placed in a cool place to prevent aging caused by direct sunlight.