The basic principles and development history of nonwovens

Non-woven materials are also called non-woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics or non-woven fabrics. Non-woven technology is a material processing technology that originated from textiles but surpasses textiles. It combines the four flexible material processing technologies of textile, paper, leather and plastics, and makes full use of many modern high-tech, such as computer control, information technology, high-pressure jet, plasma, infrared, and laser technology. Non-woven technology is becoming an indispensable and important means to provide new fibrous materials. It is a new branch of the material industry, whether in aerospace technology, environmental protection, agricultural technology, medical care, or people’s daily life. New non-woven materials have become an increasingly important product. The nonwoven industry is known as the sunrise industry in the textile industry. (1) Basic principles of nonwovens Nonwovens (Nonwovens) are also known as nonwovens, nonwovens, nonwovens, nonwovens or nonwovens. Non-woven technology is a material processing technology that originated from textiles but surpasses textiles. Different non-woven process technologies have their own corresponding process principles. But from a macro point of view, the basic principles of non-woven technology are the same, which can be described by its technological process, which can generally be divided into the following four processes: (1) fiber preparation; (2) netting; (3) reinforcement; 4) Finishing (two), a brief history of the development of non-woven materials: The first stage: the early 1940s to the mid-1950s, the budding period. Most of the equipment uses ready-made textile equipment, or appropriate modifications, using natural fibers. The second stage: from the late 1950s to the late 1960s, commercial production. Mainly use dry technology and wet technology, using a large number of chemical fibers. The third stage: from the early 1970s to the late 1980s, an important period of development. A complete set of polymer extrusion production line was born. Use various special chemical fibers. Such as low-melting fiber, thermal bonding fiber, bicomponent fiber, superfine fiber, etc. The fourth stage: from the early 1990s to the present, the period of global development. Non-woven enterprises have strengthened through mergers, unions, and reorganizations, with more advanced technology, more sophisticated equipment, and a substantial increase in production capacity. Reasons for the development of non-woven materials: 1. The complexity of traditional textile technology and equipment and rising production costs have prompted people to look for new technologies. 2. There are more and more leftovers from the textile industry and need to be utilized. 3. The rapid development of the chemical fiber industry has provided abundant raw materials for the development of non-woven technology and broadened the possibilities of product development. 4. Many traditional textiles are poorly targeted to the final application. (3) Overview of the development of the world's nonwoven materials industry: 1. The development of nonwoven materials in Western Europe. The output in 2000 was 1.0255 million tons, an increase of 12.7% over the previous year. By weight, disposable products accounted for 64.1%, durable Accounted for 35.9%. The output in 2000 was 25.77 billion m2 by area, an increase of 10.8% over the previous year. The increase in output is mainly spunlace nonwovens (mainly in Italy), staple fiber airlaid products (mainly in Germany) and wipe cloth. The output in 2002 was 120 tons (32.3 million m2), with a growth rate of 7.8%, which was higher than that of North America and Japan. There are more than 130 companies in the nonwovens industry in Western Europe with approximately 16,000 employees. The combined output of Germany and Italy is close to half of the total output of nonwoven materials in Western Europe. The top sales rankings are: BBA, Dexter, Ahlstrom, Dupont, Freudenberg, Johns Manville, ORV and PGI Group, etc. 2. Development of nonwoven materials in North America. The output in 2000 was 21.4 billion m2 by area, of which disposable products Accounted for 82%, durable type accounted for 18%; according to the output value of 3.8 billion USD, disposable products accounted for 60%, durable type accounted for 40%; by weight, 952,800 tons, disposable products accounted for 60%, durable type Accounted for 40%. Sorted by area and output, disposable products are health care materials, wipes, medical materials, filter materials, and protective clothing in order; durable products are used in furniture and bedding, floor materials, geotextiles, construction, and electronics. Uses, linings, coatings and laminated materials, automotive, shoe materials and agricultural use. 3. The development of non-woven materials in Japan. The output in 2000 was 314,100 tons, an increase of 1.57% over the previous year. The products are sorted by weight, followed by industrial use, medical and health care materials, household, geotechnical/construction/agriculture, clothing lining, etc. 4. Development of non-woven materials in South Korea. The output in 1999 was 128,000 tons. The output in 2000 was 161,700 tons, an increase of 26.32%, and the number of production lines decreased by 23. Overview of the development of China’s nonwovens industry. China’s research and production of nonwovens began in 1958 and developed to 2001. There are more than 1,000 manufacturers. There are currently spunbond, meltblown, spunlaced, needle punched, thermal bonding and There are nearly 2,100 specialized production lines for various non-woven fabrics such as chemical bonding, with an annual production capacity of more than 1.3 million tons. In 2002, the output of non-woven materials was 632,500 tons, and in 2003 it reached 836,400 tons. The output of non-woven materials in Taiwan in 1999 was 125,600 tons, and the output in 2000 was 111,900 tons, an increase of -10.92% over the previous year. Part of the production line was moved to mainland China. It was 10.79 tons in 2001 and 10.77 tons in 2002, an increase of -0.18% over the previous year. The reason for the decline in output is that part of the production line moved to mainland China.