The development and upgrading of facility agriculture

The use area of u200bu200bdomestic intelligent greenhouses is gradually increasing. However, due to the high cost of intelligent greenhouses, a large amount of capital is required to use them. So far, the users of intelligent greenhouses in China are mostly enterprises and units. In terms of technology, a complete set of greenhouse facilities involves machinery, structure, measurement and computer control technology. The current research object focuses on greenhouse environmental parameter control technology, that is, the core technology of intelligent greenhouse. Through learning from foreign products and self-exploration, some mature greenhouse structures have been developed in China. The application of the greenhouse environmental parameter control system is the most effective means to improve the technical content of greenhouse cultivation and management and truly adapt to factory vegetable production. At the same time, the core technology of the control system is also the most confidential part of foreign manufacturers. At present, domestic research and development rely on its own strength, and it has established its own intellectual property rights, but it still cannot compare with some major greenhouse countries, such as the Netherlands and Israel.　　 In recent years, non-woven fabrics, as a new type of covering and thermal insulation material, have been increasingly used in the production of shed vegetables. In the past, this newspaper has reported sporadically typical examples of Shouguang vegetable farmers' innovative application of non-woven fabrics. In order to enable vegetable farmers to fully understand the physical properties of non-woven fabrics, learn and understand its various applications in vegetable production in the greenhouse. Non-woven fabrics, also known as spunbond non-woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, are chemical fiber fabrics directly processed by hot melt bonding. The raw materials are mostly polyester filament or polypropylene. According to the physical properties of non-woven fabrics, the following performance can be summarized: 1. Thermal insulation. Non-woven fabric has high transmittance for short-wave light, but lower transmittance for long-wave light than plastic film. Since the heat dissipation in the radiation area at night mainly relies on long-wave radiation, the temperature of the coverage area is slower and the heat preservation effect is outstanding. 2. Breathable and humidity control. The non-woven fabric is made of filaments stacked on each other into a net shape, has a high porosity, is breathable, permeable, and automatically adjusts humidity. 3. Shading and cooling. Covered with colored non-woven fabric, it has the effect of shading and cooling. Non-woven fabrics of different colors have different shading and cooling effects. The shading effect is black better than yellow, and yellow is better than blue. 4. Anti-aging. The agricultural non-woven fabric has undergone anti-aging treatment. The anti-aging degree is related to its thickness and use time. The thicker the fabric, the lower the strength loss rate. In conclusion, the main applications of non-woven fabrics in greenhouse vegetables are as follows: First, it is used on the bottom of the grass thatch as a'secondary' insulation material. In Xidaotian Village, Daotian Town, Shouguang City, the reporter found during an interview that many shanty houses not only covered the grass thatch, but also added a layer of non-woven fabric to the bottom of the grass thatch. According to Li Xinyong, a vegetable farmer in the village, the addition of this'erduo' thermal insulation material (referring to non-woven fabric) can significantly improve the thermal insulation performance of the shed, which is 23°C higher than that of a simple mulch, which is beneficial to the growth of vegetables. In addition, the application of non-woven fabric on the shed using the roller shutter machine can also protect the grass thatch and delay its service life. The second is to be used as a'slope protection' rainproof material on the back wall of the greenhouse. The entire back wall is wrapped with multiple pieces of non-woven fabric stitched together, and four to five steel wires are pulled to fix it. In this way, one can reduce the heat loss of the back wall; the other is to protect the wall from rain and snow. The third is to mulch and weed to reduce pests and diseases entering the shed. It can be said to serve multiple purposes. The third is other applications. 1. Used in the production of early spring arched watermelon covered with multiple membranes, the non-woven fabric can be directly covered on the small arched shed in the arched shed, which is heat-insulating and cold-proof with outstanding effect. 2. Used in the grafting and raising seedlings of greenhouse vegetables such as eggplant and cucumber in summer and autumn, especially in the first three days after grafting, the non-woven fabric can be covered on the seedling shed, shading and moisturizing, and improving the survival rate of grafting.