The origin and development of spunbond nonwoven technology

Spun-bond process is one of the main methods of non-woven material production, and it is also called spinning method or polymer extrusion method. The principle of the spunbond method is to use chemical fiber spinning to spin, draw, and lay the high polymer into a net, and finally form a non-woven material by needle punching, spunlacing, hot rolling or self-bonding.


Spunbond is a kind of non-woven technology. Its origin and development are the continuation of the commercialized synthetic filament spinning process in the 1940s and 1950s. Its origin can be traced back to the 1940s. In the early 1950s, the U.S. Naval Laboratory established a small melt extruder to extrude the molten polymer from the spinneret holes to form filaments with very fine fineness, and then use hot air Blowing onto the netting curtain to bond the fibers into a net. This is the earliest spinning technique, but due to the limitations of the technology at the time, this technique could not be studied.


With the development of chemical fiber technology, in the late 1950s, the German Freudenberg Company and the American Dupont Company began to study the spunbond non-woven technology. However, due to high production costs and imperfect technology, The research results of this technology have not been promoted. It was in the 1960s that the American Du-pont Company applied for a patent, and industrial production began in the mid-1960s. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, spunbond non-woven technology developed. The German Reifen company adopts the overall horizontal venturi drafter, which greatly improves the quality of spunbonded non-woven fabrics and the degree of industrial production has also been greatly improved. In the future, American Aisen Company will apply meltblown technology to spunbond technology. Due to the special structure of the drafter, this has enabled the spunbond non-woven technology to have greater development.


Due to the rapid progress of spunbond production technology, high growth rate, large production capacity, high quality, excellent performance, wide product application range, strong market adaptability, and the short production process of spunbond non-woven fabrics, The production efficiency is high and it has the advantage of large-scale production. Among them, the strength and elongation of the spunbonded non-woven fabric are better. At present, with the emergence of differentiated fiber spinning technologies such as meltblown and spunbond multi-nozzle composite technology, bicomponent, etc., it has brought broader application prospects to spunbond non-woven fabric technology. Therefore, the nineteenth century After the ten's, spunbond non-woven fabrics will have more rapid and more extensive development in terms of product use and technological advancement.


According to the composition of non-woven fabrics, there are polyester, polypropylene, nylon, spandex, acrylic, etc.; different components will have completely different styles of non-woven fabrics. The spunbond fabric usually refers to polyester spunbond and polypropylene spunbond; the styles of these two fabrics are very similar and can be distinguished by high temperature testing.